Recent years have seen considerable growth in the number of children learning a second or foreign language, as the importance of being able to use a language other than one’s first language has become recognized in
an increasingly globalized world. In Asia and Europe in particular, there has been a tendency to lower the age at which school children begin to learn a foreign language, since it is believed that the earlier a child starts to
learn a foreign language, the greater the ultimate achievement will be. In addition, in many regions of the world, vast numbers of children attend schools in which the language of instruction is not the same as their native
or mother tongue. In many